For example, I see that the first graph crosses the y-axis at (0,

. The '"b" in "y= ax+ b" is 8.
While you could use any two points to calculate the slope, on a graph like this, integer values are easier to recognize. I have already said that the graph goes through (0, 8 ). It also goes through (4, 3). Taking $(x_1, y_1)= (0, 8 )$ and $(x_2, y_2= (4, 3)$ the slope is $\frac{3- 8}{4- 0}= \frac{-5}{4}= -\frac{5}{4}$. The "slope-intercept form" for this graph is $y= -\frac{5}{4}x+ 8$.
(Notice that choosing $(x_1, y_1)= (4, 3)$ and $(x_2, y_2)= (0, 8 )$ only changes the sign in both numerator and denominator and so does not change the fraction: $\frac{8- 3}{0- 4}= \frac{5}{-4}= -\frac{5}{4}$.)